Open market operations in the 1990s

Open market operations--the purchase and sale of Treasury and federal agency securities--are the Federal Reserve's principal tool for implementing monetary policy. The objectives and conduct of open market operations have continued to evolve in the 1990s, partly in response to the way the Federal Open Market Committee implements monetary policy and explains it to the public. Also shaping operations have been changes in financial markets, including developments in the market for repurchase agreements and declines in the balances that depository institutions must hold at the Federal Reserve.Federal Open Market Committee ; Open market operations

An alternative monetary aggregate: M2 plus household holdings of bond and equity mutual funds

Money supply ; Mutual funds

Reconceiving Citizenship: The Social Education of Seven Members of Students Against Driving Drunk.

This qualitative study centers on education for citizenship, a topic which is explored through an analysis of case studies of seven participants who were members of Students Against Driving Drunk (SADD) in high school. Data was collected in two phases. The first phase occurred between September of 1988 and May of 1991. During this period, the researcher was a participant-observer and conducted individual and group interviews with members. Phase two took place in 1995, with follow-up interviews being conducted with seven former members who served as key informants for the study. The primary research questions addressed in this study are: (1) What meanings did the participants give to their experiences in SADD? (2) What are the implications of those meanings for social education? While the questions focused specifically on the participants\u27 experiences in SADD, their experiences in other aspects of their lives also contributed to their understandings of citizenship. While SADD is an extracurricular organization, the analysis of the case studies revealed several salient points for reconceiving citizenship as a curricular goal. Explored in this study are notions concerning abstract ideals and concrete experiences, universal and particular (contextual) understandings, and plurality in terms of common values and difference. The analysis features discussions focusing primarily on the processes and purposes of citizenship and the way in which these relate to the social education of students

Political Asylum and Withholding of Deportation: Defining the Appropriate Standard of Proof under the Refugee Act of 1980

This Comment analyzes the different interpretations of the well-founded fear of persecution standard for determining when an alien is eligible for political asylum in the United States, as established in the Refugee Act of 1980. The author suggests that correct interpretation of the new standard has recently been the subject of dispute between the Immigration and Naturalization Service and the United States courts of appeals. The author examines the various interpretations and suggests a different interpretation of this standard based on the legislative history of the Act and the recommendations of the United Nations

Emergency Department Use for Nontraumatic Dental Conditions and Adult Oral Health

Nontraumatic dental-related emergency department visits has resulted in a financial burden to hospitals across the United States. This study investigated whether there is a relationship between adult preventive dental care and emergency department visits for nontraumatic dental conditions by comparing specific states. Guided by Andersen\u27s behavioral model of health services utilization, this retrospective quantitative study also investigated associations between state-specific community water fluoridation and dental-related emergency department visits. The population of interest was adult Medicaid enrollees who visited the emergency department for non-trauma-related dental conditions in the top 5 most populous states as identified in the 2012 NHAMCS survey. These top 5 states represented 52% of emergency department visits. Among these visits, 2.4% were for adults with nontraumatic dental conditions. Two binary regression models were constructed, and statistically significant relationships were found between emergency department visits and age, gender, race/ethnicity, and Medicaid as a payment source (n=18,112). State-specific community water fluoridation did not emerge as a statistically significant predictor of emergency department visits. Social change implication may allow taxpayers and public health policy leaders to identify new strategies in promoting oral health. New approaches include reeducating the public on policies in support of community water fluoridation as a preventive strategy and understanding how to encourage adult Medicaid enrollees to use preventive dental care in their community and avoid the emergency department for dental care

Trans-Pacific doctoral success – A collaborative cohort model

The San Jose Gateway PhD program is a doctoral partnership between the School of Information at San Jose State University (SJSU) in the USA, and the Information Systems School at the Queensland University of Technology (QUT) in Australia. Because of Californian legislation, SJSU has not been able to offer PhD degrees. The Gateway Program therefore provides a research pathway for SJSU’s coursework students. It also helps the School to grow the research capacity of academic staff. For QUT, the Program provides the opportunity to advance research agendas and to build strong international connections and partnerships. The Program began in 2008. It is a distance-delivered cohort-based scheme with new students commencing in August of each year. All students are enrolled as part-time students in QUT’s Doctor of Philosophy. Each student is assigned supervisors from both universities. In addition to individual and group supervisory meetings, all students and supervisors meet in a virtual meeting space once a month. The online monthly meetings are supplemented by two residential events each year: (i) a one week face to face residential in August at San Jose State University, and (ii) an online residential in March. This paper will critically reflect upon this unique Program, which has led to high quality research outcomes, rapid completions, and noteworthy graduate employments. Critical consideration of the challenges and future proofing of the approach will also be explored

Developmental process and outcome of McKinley K-5 Elementary School Portrait of America 2001-2002 multimedia CD-ROM

McKinley K-5 Elementary School created and mass-produced a multi-media CDROM correlating with the Social Studies Standards and Benchmarks of Muscatine Community School District. Each grade level designed and developed lyrics and music about the related grade level curriculum. Some classes created a multimedia presentation while others gave a fine arts program. This was a student-centered, hands-on activity that was formed during the 2001-2002 school year

Banner News

https://openspace.dmacc.edu/banner_news/1305/thumbnail.jp

The progestin receptor interactome in the female mouse hypothalamus: Interactions with synaptic proteins are isoform specific and ligand dependent

Progestins bind to the progestin receptor (PR) isoforms, PR-A and PR-B, in brain to influence development, female reproduction, anxiety, and stress. Hormone-activated PRs associate with multiple proteins to form functional complexes. In the present study, proteins from female mouse hypothalamus that associate with PR were isolated using affinity pull-down assays with glutathione S-transferase–tagged mouse PR-A and PR-B. Using complementary proteomics approaches, reverse phase protein array (RPPA) and mass spectrometry, we identified hypothalamic proteins that interact with PR in a ligand-dependent and isoform-specific manner and were confirmed by Western blot. Synaptic proteins, including synapsin-I and synapsin-II, interacted with agonist-bound PR isoforms, suggesting that both isoforms function in synaptic plasticity. In further support, synaptogyrin-III and synapsin-III associated with PR-A and PR-B, respectively. PR also interacted with kinases, including c-Src, mTOR, and MAPK1, confirming phosphorylation as an integral process in rapid effects of PR in the brain. Consistent with a role in transcriptional regulation, PR associated with transcription factors and coactivators in a ligand-specific and isoform-dependent manner. Interestingly, both PR isoforms associated with a key regulator of energy homeostasis, FoxO1, suggesting a novel role for PR in energy metabolism. Because many identified proteins in this PR interactome are synaptic proteins, we tested the hypothesis that progestins function in synaptic plasticity. Indeed, progesterone enhanced synaptic density, by increasing synapsin-I–positive synapses, in rat primary cortical neuronal cultures. This novel combination of RPPA and mass spectrometry allowed identification of PR action in synaptic remodeling and energy homeostasis and reveals unique roles for progestins in brain function and disease

HopeLink: A program evaluation

In January 2009, a four-member team of University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) Department of Public Administration students set out to evaluate the effectiveness of HopeLink, a transitional housing program in Henderson, Nevada. The research team was tasked with evaluating the effectiveness of the agency and assisting the Committee on Homelessness in deciding future funding allocations. This paper provides our review and analysis, including program strengths and weaknesses, and recommendations for future program and funding improvements. According to the 2007 U.S. Census, there are approximately 11,000 homeless people in Clark County, Nevada, with 75% of those utilizing transitional housing programs, compared to a national average of 55%. The fact that Clark County had a higher percentage of homeless people using transitional housing programs made the research team aware of the importance of transitional housing agencies and their success rates in this community. HopeLink\u27s transitional housing program helps homeless families ~ mainly women and children who become dispossessed as a result of domestic violence situations ~ achieve positive housing outcomes. A review of current and closed client files, followed with statistical analyses, staff interviews, an attempt to survey clients, and a literature review, provided the research team with information that led to both quantitative and qualitative findings and seven recommendations to assist the agency improve upon its successes. The primary recommendation is to continue the funding of this agency and, if possible, increase funding. There is one case manager who is responsible for 26 families at any given time. The dedication and effort she puts forth is a key to the success the agency has achieved thus far, and we believe that additional resources would allow for further improvements. Additional recommendations are to increase emphasis on client training, establish standard criteria for program acceptance, and utilize volunteers. We also provide recommendations on improving the efficacy of the HMIS system